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Odisha Civil Services Examination

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Optional Subject (choose 1 of 37)

37 topics · 1 sections — from the official OPSC syllabus. Study material lands topic by topic.

Optional Subject (Papers VI-VII)

  1. 1
    Agriculture
  2. 2
    Agricultural Engineering
  3. 3
    Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science
  4. 4
    Anthropology
    1. 1.Human Evolution, Primates, Hominid Fossils and Prehistoric Archaeology50 min
    2. 2.Nature of Culture and Society; Marriage, Family and Kinship28 min
    3. 3.Economic Organization: Economic Anthropology, the Formalist-Substantivist Debate, and Modes of Exchange16 min
    4. 4.Political Organization and Social Control20 min
    5. 5.Anthropological Approaches to Religion15 min
    6. 6.Anthropological Theories27 min
    + 15 more chapters
    1. 7.Culture, Language and Communication19 min
    2. 8.Research Methods in Anthropology11 min
    3. 9.Human Genetics: Methods and Application36 min
    4. 10.Concept of Human Growth and Development19 min
    5. 11.Fertility, Bioevents, and Demographic Theories16 min
    6. 12.Applications of Anthropology15 min
    7. 13.Evolution of the Indian Culture and Civilization18 min
    8. 14.Demographic Profile of India: Ethnic-Linguistic Elements and the Structure and Growth of Population13 min
    9. 15.Traditional Social System, Caste, Sacred Complexes and Religious Impact in India31 min
    10. 16.Emergence, Growth and Development of Anthropology in India13 min
    11. 17.Indian Village, Minorities, and Processes of Social Change26 min
    12. 18.Tribal Situation in India: Distribution, Characteristics, and the Problems of Tribal Communities20 min
    13. 19.Development, Displacement and the Rights of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes31 min
    14. 20.Religion, Tribal Societies, and the Tribe–Nation-State Relationship16 min
    15. 21.Tribal Administration, PTGs, NGOs, and Anthropology's Role in Development and Ethnic Understanding23 min
  5. 5
    Botany
  6. 6
    Chemistry
  7. 7
    Civil Engineering
  8. 8
    Commerce and Accountancy
  9. 9
    Economics
    1. 1.Advanced Micro Economics65 min
    2. 2.Advanced Macro Economics: Approaches to Employment, Income and Interest Rate Determination41 min
    3. 3.Money, Banking and Public Finance70 min
    4. 4.International Economics74 min
    5. 5.Growth and Development70 min
    6. 6.Indian Economy in the Pre-Independence Era52 min
    + 6 more chapters
    1. 7.Pre-Liberalization Economic Thought and the Agrarian Transformation35 min
    2. 8.Industry, National Income and Poverty in the Pre-Liberalization Economy43 min
    3. 9.The Post-Liberalization Era: Agriculture, WTO and Trade Policy Reform59 min
    4. 10.New Economic Policy: Industry and the Exchange Rate Regime58 min
    5. 11.Fiscal Rules, Monetary Reform and the Retreat of Central Planning after 199156 min
    6. 12.New Economic Policy and Employment52 min
  10. 10
    Education
  11. 11
    Electrical Engineering
  12. 12
    Fishery Science
  13. 13
    Forestry
  14. 14
    Geography
    1. 1.Geography Optional: Geography of Odisha17 min
    2. 2.Geomorphology57 min
    3. 3.Climatology53 min
    4. 4.Oceanography37 min
    5. 5.Biogeography30 min
    6. 6.Paper I, Unit 5 — Environmental Geography56 min
    + 15 more chapters
    1. 7.Paper I, Unit 6 — Perspectives in Human Geography16 min
    2. 8.Paper I, Unit 7 — Economic Geography61 min
    3. 9.Population and Settlement Geography54 min
    4. 10.Regional Planning41 min
    5. 11.Paper I, Unit 10 — Models, Theories and Laws in Human Geography33 min
    6. 12.Paper II — Geography of India50 min
    7. 13.Resources54 min
    8. 14.Agriculture — Geography of India (Paper II)46 min
    9. 15.Paper II · Geography of India — Module 4: Industry34 min
    10. 16.Transport, Communication and Trade — Geography of India (Paper II)39 min
    11. 17.Cultural Setting41 min
    12. 18.Settlements42 min
    13. 19.Regional Development and Planning31 min
    14. 20.Paper II, Unit 9 — Political Aspects58 min
    15. 21.Paper II, Unit 10 — Contemporary Issues59 min
  15. 15
    Geology
  16. 16
    History
    1. 1.History Optional: Medieval and Colonial Odisha15 min
    2. 2.History Optional Paper I — Item 1: Sources22 min
    3. 3.Pre-history and Proto-history15 min
    4. 4.History Optional Paper I — Item 3: Indus Valley Civilization13 min
    5. 5.Megalithic Cultures20 min
    6. 6.Aryans and Vedic Period18 min
    + 19 more chapters
    1. 7.Period of the Mahajanapadas17 min
    2. 8.Mauryan Empire23 min
    3. 9.Post-Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas)22 min
    4. 10.Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas35 min
    5. 11.Regional States during Gupta Era25 min
    6. 12.Themes in Early Indian Cultural History30 min
    7. 13.Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India22 min
    8. 14.Early Medieval India, 750–120031 min
    9. 15.Cultural Traditions in India, 750-120031 min
    10. 16.History Optional Paper I — Item 15: The Thirteenth Century31 min
    11. 17.History Optional Paper I — Item 16: The Fourteenth Century43 min
    12. 18.History Optional Paper I — Item 18: The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Political Developments and Economy50 min
    13. 19.History Optional Paper I — Item 19: The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Society and Culture34 min
    14. 20.History Optional Paper I — Item 20: Akbar23 min
    15. 21.History Optional Paper I — Item 21: Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century43 min
    16. 22.History Optional Paper I — Item 22: Economy and Society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries41 min
    17. 23.History Optional Paper I — Item 23: Culture during Mughal Empire35 min
    18. 24.History Optional Paper I — Item 24: The Eighteenth Century43 min
    19. 25.History Optional Paper I — Item 17: Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries48 min
  17. 17
    Home Science
  18. 18
    Law
    1. 1.Constitution and Constitutionalism; Fundamental Rights; Directive Principles of State Policy36 min
    2. 2.Constitutional Position of the President and Relation with the Council of Ministers; Governor and His Powers39 min
    3. 3.The Supreme Court and High Courts; Centre, States and Local Bodies33 min
    4. 4.Legislative Powers, Privileges and Immunities; Services Under the Union and the States36 min
    5. 5.Emergency Provisions; Amendment of the Constitution; Principle of Natural Justice38 min
    6. 6.Delegated Legislation, Separation of Powers, Judicial Review of Administrative Action, and the Ombudsman36 min
    + 16 more chapters
    1. 7.International Law: Nature, Municipal Law, State Recognition/Succession, and the Law of the Sea41 min
    2. 8.Individuals as Subjects of International Law; Jurisdiction; Extradition and Asylum; Treaties42 min
    3. 9.The United Nations — Organs, Powers, Reform; Peaceful Settlement of Disputes; Lawful Recourse to Force; International Humanitarian Law38 min
    4. 10.Nuclear Weapons, International Terrorism and the ICC, the New International Economic Order, and the Human Environment48 min
    5. 11.General Principles of Criminal Liability: Mens Rea, Punishment, Attempt, and General Exceptions33 min
    6. 12.Joint and Constructive Liability, Abetment, and Criminal Conspiracy23 min
    7. 13.Offences Against the State, Public Tranquility, Human Body, Property, Women, and Defamation36 min
    8. 14.Prevention of Corruption Act 1988; Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 and Subsequent Legislative Developments; Plea Bargaining38 min
    9. 15.Nature of Tort, Fault and Strict/Absolute Liability, Vicarious Liability, General Defences31 min
    10. 16.Joint Tortfeasors, Remedies, Negligence, Defamation and Nuisance29 min
    11. 17.Conspiracy, False Imprisonment, Malicious Prosecution and the Consumer Protection Act26 min
    12. 18.Paper II — Law of Contracts and Mercantile Law: Nature and Formation of Contract / E-Contract; Factors Vitiating Free Consent; Void, Voidable, Illegal and Unenforceable Agreements; Performance and Discharge of Contracts34 min
    13. 19.Quasi-Contracts; Consequences of Breach of Contract; Contract of Indemnity, Guarantee and Insurance; Contract of Agency37 min
    14. 20.Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase; Partnership; the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881; the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996; Standard Form Contracts50 min
    15. 21.Paper II — Contemporary Legal Developments (I): Public Interest Litigation, Intellectual Property Rights, Information Technology Law, Competition Law25 min
    16. 22.Contemporary Legal Developments — ADR, Environmental Law Statutes, RTI Act, Trial by Media34 min
  19. 19
    English Language and Literature
  20. 20
    Bengali Language and Literature
  21. 21
    Hindi Language and Literature
  22. 22
    Odia Language and Literature
  23. 23
    Persian Language and Literature
  24. 24
    Sanskrit Language and Literature
  25. 25
    Urdu Language and Literature
  26. 26
    Management
  27. 27
    Mathematics
  28. 28
    Mechanical Engineering
  29. 29
    Philosophy
    1. 1.Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality26 min
    2. 2.Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz)44 min
    3. 3.Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume)38 min
    4. 4.Kant29 min
    5. 5.Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism28 min
    6. 6.Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein34 min
    + 34 more chapters
    1. 7.Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-Games; Critique of Private Language24 min
    2. 8.Logical Positivism23 min
    3. 9.Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism20 min
    4. 10.Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre [printed in the syllabus as "Sarte"], Heidegger)26 min
    5. 11.Quine and Strawson24 min
    6. 12.Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities22 min
    7. 13.Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and Liberation27 min
    8. 14.Schools of Buddhism: Pratītyasamutpāda, Kṣaṇikavāda, Nairātmyavāda23 min
    9. 15.Nyaya-Vaisesika36 min
    10. 16.Samkhya17 min
    11. 17.Yoga: Citta, Cittavṛtti, Kleśas, Samādhi, Kaivalya24 min
    12. 18.Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge19 min
    13. 19.Schools of Vedanta: Brahman, Isvara, Atman, Jiva, Jagat, Maya, Avidya, Adhyasa, Moksa, Aprthaksiddhi, Pancavidhabheda23 min
    14. 20.Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga26 min
    15. 21.Part A — Rights: What the Individual Is Entitled to Hold Against the State29 min
    16. 22.Forms of Government — Monarchy, Theocracy, Democracy27 min
    17. 23.Political Ideologies — Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism37 min
    18. 24.Sovereignty — Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya30 min
    19. 25.Development and Social Progress33 min
    20. 26.Humanism, Secularism and Multiculturalism29 min
    21. 27.Caste Discrimination — Gandhi and Ambedkar35 min
    22. 28.Gender Discrimination — Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights, Empowerment31 min
    23. 29.Crime and Punishment — Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment40 min
    24. 30.Social and Political Ideals — Equality, Justice, Liberty31 min
    25. 31.Notions of God — Attributes, Relation to Man and the World (Indian and Western)31 min
    26. 32.Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western)36 min
    27. 33.Problem of Evil25 min
    28. 34.Soul — Immortality, Rebirth and Liberation24 min
    29. 35.Religion without God37 min
    30. 36.Reason, Revelation and Faith46 min
    31. 37.Religious Experience — Nature and Object (Indian and Western)30 min
    32. 38.Nature of Religious Language — Analogical and Symbolic, Cognitivist and Non-cognitive22 min
    33. 39.Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth17 min
    34. 40.Religion and Morality25 min
  30. 30
    Physics
  31. 31
    Political Science and International Relations
    1. 1.OPSC Political Science Optional: State Politics in Odisha16 min
    2. 2.Political Theory — Meaning and the Contest of Approaches29 min
    3. 3.Six Theories of the Modern State — Liberal to Feminist29 min
    4. 4.Justice: Rawls's Theory and the Communitarian Challenge16 min
    5. 5.Equality: Social, Political and Economic Dimensions, its Relationship with Freedom, and Affirmative Action20 min
    6. 6.Rights — Meaning, Theories, Kinds, and the Concept of Human Rights24 min
    + 34 more chapters
    1. 7.Democracy: Classical and Contemporary Theories, and the Representative, Participatory and Deliberative Models21 min
    2. 8.Power, Hegemony, Ideology and Legitimacy in Political Theory27 min
    3. 9.Political Ideologies — Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism37 min
    4. 10.Indian Political Thought — From Dharmashastra to Radical Humanism48 min
    5. 11.Western Political Thought: From the Polis to the Public Realm — Plato to Arendt39 min
    6. 12.Salient Features of the Indian Constitution — Preamble, Rights, Parliamentary Government and the Basic Structure45 min
    7. 13.Making of the Indian Constitution: Colonial Legacies and Contested Perspectives29 min
    8. 14.Union and State Organs: Envisaged Role and Actual Working42 min
    9. 15.India's Fourth Branch: The Constitutional and Statutory Watchdog Commissions46 min
    10. 16.Federalism: Constitutional Design, Centre-State Change, and the Politics of Regional Aspiration35 min
    11. 17.Party System in India: Parties, Coalitions, Pressure Groups and Electoral Change36 min
    12. 18.Grassroots Democracy: Panchayati Raj, Municipal Government and the Politics of Decentralisation29 min
    13. 19.Identity and Democracy: Caste, Religion and Ethnicity in Indian Politics30 min
    14. 20.Planning, Development and Economic Reform in Indian Politics31 min
    15. 21.Rights, Gender and Ecology: Social Movements in Indian Politics34 min
    16. 22.Comparative Politics: Nature, Approaches, and the Limits of Comparison30 min
    17. 23.The State in Comparative Perspective: Capitalist, Socialist, Advanced-Industrial and Developing Formations17 min
    18. 24.Globalisation: Comparative Responses of Developed and Developing Societies25 min
    19. 25.Approaches to the Study of International Relations — Idealism, Realism, Marxism, Functionalism, Systems Theory23 min
    20. 26.Key Concepts in International Relations — National Interest, Power, Balance of Power, Deterrence, Transnational Actors, Collective Security and the World Capitalist Economy25 min
    21. 27.Bipolarity to Unipolarity: The Cold War, Non-Alignment, and the Post-Soviet Order24 min
    22. 28.The International Economic System: Bretton Woods, CMEA, the NIEO Demand, and Globalisation31 min
    23. 29.The United Nations: Envisaged Role, Actual Record, and the Politics of Reform41 min
    24. 30.Regionalisation of World Politics: EU, ASEAN, APEC, SAARC, NAFTA33 min
    25. 31.Indian Foreign Policy — Determinants, Institutions of Policy-Making, and the Politics of Continuity and Change34 min
    26. 32.Indian Nationalism — Strategies and Historiographical Perspectives36 min
    27. 33.India's Contribution to the Non-Aligned Movement — Phases and Current Role24 min
    28. 34.India and South Asia: SAARC, SAFTA, Look East and the Politics of Regional Non-Cooperation35 min
    29. 35.India and the UN System — Peacekeeping and the Permanent-Seat Demand33 min
    30. 36.India and the Nuclear Question — From Ambiguity to Overt Deterrent33 min
    31. 37.India and the Global South: Africa, Latin America, and the Struggle for a New Economic Order28 min
    32. 38.India and the Global Centres of Power — USA, EU, Japan, China and Russia66 min
    33. 39.Recent Developments in Indian Foreign Policy — Afghanistan, Iraq, West Asia, the United States, Israel and the Vision of a New World Order49 min
    34. 40.Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Social Movements Compared26 min
  32. 32
    Psychology
  33. 33
    Public Administration
    1. 1.OPSC Public Administration Optional: Administration in Odisha13 min
    2. 2.Philosophical and Constitutional Framework of Government — Salient Features, Constitutionalism, Political Culture, and the Bureaucracy's Place in a Democracy19 min
    3. 3.Administrative Thought: Scientific Management to Participative Management23 min
    4. 4.Administrative Behaviour: Decision-Making, Communication, Morale, Motivation and Leadership25 min
    5. 5.Accountability and Control20 min
    6. 6.Organisations: Theory, Structure and the Regulatory-PPP State27 min
    + 21 more chapters
    1. 7.Introduction to Public Administration18 min
    2. 8.Evolution of Indian Administration24 min
    3. 9.Union Government and Administration: Executive, Parliament, Judiciary27 min
    4. 10.Plans and Priorities: Machinery of Planning, the Planning Commission and NDC, Indicative Planning, and Decentralized Planning18 min
    5. 11.State Government and Administration: Union-State Relations, Finance Commission, Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers, Chief Secretary, State Secretariat, Directorates19 min
    6. 12.District Administration since Independence14 min
    7. 13.Civil Services: Constitutional Position, Structure, Conduct, Neutrality and Activism24 min
    8. 14.Financial Management: Budget, Parliamentary Control, the Finance Ministry, Accounting and Audit14 min
    9. 15.Law and Order Administration: British Legacy, Police Reform, and the Central-State Security Architecture23 min
    10. 16.Significant Issues in Indian Administration30 min
    11. 17.Personnel Administration25 min
    12. 18.Public Policy: Models of Policy-Making, the Policy Process, and State Theories33 min
    13. 19.Financial Administration: Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Public Debt, Budgets, and Accountability27 min
    14. 20.Administrative Law: Meaning, Scope and Significance; Dicey on Administrative Law; Delegated Legislation; Administrative Tribunals17 min
    15. 21.Comparative Public Administration: Institutional History, Riggs, and the Limits of the Available Record18 min
    16. 22.Development Dynamics19 min
    17. 23.Public Sector Undertakings25 min
    18. 24.Rural Development: Institutions, Programmes, Decentralization and the 73rd Amendment20 min
    19. 25.Urban Local Government: Municipal Governance, the 74th Amendment, and the Limits of Constitutional Design14 min
    20. 26.Techniques of Administrative Improvement15 min
    21. 27.Administrative Reforms since Independence15 min
  34. 34
    Sociology
    1. 1.Sociology – The Discipline8 min
    2. 2.Sociology as Science9 min
    3. 3.Research Methods and Analysis11 min
    4. 4.Sociological Thinkers: Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Parsons, Merton, Mead14 min
    5. 5.Stratification and Mobility11 min
    6. 6.Work and Economic Life13 min
    + 19 more chapters
    1. 7.Politics and Society22 min
    2. 8.Religion and Society13 min
    3. 9.Systems of Kinship13 min
    4. 10.Social Change in Modern Society13 min
    5. 11.Perspectives on the Study of Indian Society: Indology, Structural Functionalism, Marxist Sociology12 min
    6. 12.Impact of Colonial Rule on Indian Society11 min
    7. 13.Rural and Agrarian Social Structure: The Village Idea and the Evolution of Land Tenure13 min
    8. 14.Rural Development, Cooperatives and Agrarian Transformation in India14 min
    9. 15.Caste System: Perspectives, Features, and Untouchability16 min
    10. 16.Tribal Communities in India: Definitional Problems, Geographical Spread, Colonial Policies, and Issues of Integration and Autonomy10 min
    11. 17.Social Classes in India: Agrarian, Industrial and Middle Classes10 min
    12. 18.Systems of Kinship in India: Lineage, Descent, Family, Household and Patriarchy13 min
    13. 19.Religious Communities in India and the Problems of Religious Minorities18 min
    14. 20.Population Dynamics: Size, Composition, Growth and Policy in India17 min
    15. 21.Industrialization and Urbanisation in India13 min
    16. 22.Politics and Society in India: Nation, Parties, Regionalism and Secularization14 min
    17. 23.Social Movements in Modern India: Peasants, Women, Backward Classes and Dalits, Environment, Ethnicity and Identity18 min
    18. 24.Visions of Social Change in India: Planning, Law and Education10 min
    19. 25.Challenges of Social Transformation19 min
  35. 35
    Statistics
  36. 36
    Zoology
  37. 37
    Medical Science

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