The complete official syllabus, straight from the UPSC notification. Browse it here or use the subject tabs above. Study material lands topic by topic.
1
Paper I · General Ability and Intelligence (250 marks)
6 topics · 1 sections
Six Areas (objective, English + Hindi)
- General Mental Ability — logical reasoning, quantitative aptitude including numerical ability, data interpretation
+ 16 more chaptersShow fewer
- 7.Classification (Odd One Out)
- 8.Mathematical Operations
- 9.Alphabet Series
- 10.Paper Folding and Cutting
- 11.Problems on Ages
- 12.Ranking and Order
- 13.Figure Patterns
- 14.Direction Sense Test
- 15.Cause & Effect
- 16.Data Sufficiency
- 17.Logical Sequences
- 18.Puzzles (Logical)
- 19.Statements & Assumptions
- 20.Input-Output (Machine)
- 21.Statements & Conclusions
- 22.Mirror & Water Images
- General Science — general awareness, scientific temper, IT/Biotechnology/Environmental Science
- 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Science and Technology Policy, Achievements and Indigenization
- 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Space Technology and Digital/IT Technologies
- 3.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Biotechnology, Nanotechnology and Emerging Technologies
- 4.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Intellectual Property Rights
- 5.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Biodiversity and Conservation
- 6.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Environmental Pollution, Degradation and Impact Assessment
- 7.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Climate Change and International Environmental Governance
- Current Events of National and International Importance — culture, music, arts, literature, sports, governance, societal/developmental issues, industry, business, globalisation, interplay among nations
- Indian Polity and Economy — political system, Constitution of India, social systems, public administration, economic development in India, regional/international security issues, human rights
- 1.Making of the Constitution — The Constituent Assembly and the Birth of the Republic
- 2.Salient Features of the Constitution — The Design Choices That Define India's Founding Charter
- 3.The Preamble — Identity, Authority and the Conscience of the Constitution
- 4.Union and its Territory — The Indestructible Union and the Reorganisation of States
- 5.Citizenship — Membership, the Single-Citizenship Design and the Democratic Project
- 6.Fundamental Rights — The Magna Carta of India
+ 50 more chaptersShow fewer
- 7.Directive Principles of State Policy — The Conscience of the Constitution
- 8.Fundamental Duties — The Code the Constitution Forgot and the Courts Revived
- 9.Basic Structure Doctrine — The Unamendable Core of the Constitution
- 10.Amendment of the Constitution — The Power to Mend, Not to Destroy
- 11.Federal System — 'Union of States', the Quasi-Federal Debate, and Cooperative Federalism
- 12.Centre-State Relations — The Three-Dimensional Machinery of Divided Power
- 13.Inter-State Relations — The Horizontal Machinery of a Single Nation
- 14.Emergency Provisions — A Constitution That Can Suspend Itself
- 15.Panchayati Raj — From Article 40 to the 73rd Amendment and PESA
- 16.Municipalities — Urban Local Self-Government Under the 74th Amendment
- 17.Union Territories — A Deliberate Unitary Exception in a Federal Constitution
- 18.Parliamentary System — Responsible Government, Article 74 and the Logic of Collective Responsibility
- 19.Parliament — The Union Legislature and the Heart of Indian Democracy
- 20.State Legislature -- Organisation, Composition and Legislative Procedure of the Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad
- 21.The President — Head of the Indian State and Nominal Executive of the Union
- 22.The Vice-President — India's Second-Highest Office and the Guarantee of Continuity
- 23.The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers — India's Real Executive
- 24.The Governor — Nominal Head of the State Executive and the Centre's Constitutional Link
- 25.Chief Minister and State Council of Ministers — The Real Executive Behind the Governor
- 26.The Supreme Court of India — Composition, Independence and Jurisdiction
- 27.High Court and Subordinate Courts — The State Judiciary Beneath the Supreme Court
- 28.The Attorney-General of India — Chief Law Officer Held at the President's Pleasure
- 29.Advocate General of the State — The Governor's Law Officer, Not the State's
- 30.The Election Commission — Guardian of Free and Fair Elections Under Article 324
- 31.The Union Public Service Commission — Recruiting the Civil Services Under Articles 315-323
- 32.The State Public Service Commission — A Calibrated Mirror of the UPSC Under Articles 315-323
- 33.The Finance Commission — Article 280 and the Balancing Wheel of Fiscal Federalism
- 34.The Comptroller and Auditor-General — Guardian of the Public Purse Under Articles 148-151
- 35.The National Commission for Scheduled Castes — A Constitutional Template Extended Three Times
- 36.The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes — A Constitutional Safeguard Born of Bifurcation
- 37.The National Commission for Backward Classes — Completing a Constitutional Template
- 38.The Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities — the Half of Part XVII That Protects, Not Promotes
- 39.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Economic Planning, Resource Mobilization and Employment
- 40.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Growth and Development — Concepts, Measurement and Contemporary Debates
- 41.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Monetary Policy & Banking
- 42.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Inflation
- 43.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: External Sector
- 44.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Capital Markets
- 45.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Inclusive Growth
- 46.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Government Budgeting — Process, Instruments and Fiscal Policy
- 47.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Development and Extremism — Left-Wing Extremism/Naxalism
- 48.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: External State and Non-State Actors — Cross-Border Terrorism Linkages
- 49.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Cyber Security — Challenges and Institutional Framework
- 50.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Media, Social Networking and Radicalization
- 51.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Money Laundering and Financial Security
- 52.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Border Area Security Management
- 53.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Organized Crime and Its Linkages with Terrorism
- 54.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Security Forces and Agencies — Mandate and Structure
- 55.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Governance, Transparency, and Accountability: E-Governance, RTI, and Citizens' Charters
- 56.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
- History of India — social, economic, political aspects; growth of nationalism and freedom movement
- 1.Decline of the Mughal Empire
- 2.Rise of Regional States
- 3.Advent of Europeans in India — From Vasco da Gama to British Supremacy
- 4.British Conquest of Bengal
- 5.Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767-1799)
- 6.Anglo-Maratha Wars (1775-1818)
+ 23 more chaptersShow fewer
- 7.Subsidiary Alliance, Doctrine of Lapse & the Anglo-Sikh Wars
- 8.Drain of Wealth, Deindustrialisation, and Land Revenue Systems
- 9.Civil Rebellions and Tribal Uprisings Before 1857
- 10.The Revolt of 1857
- 11.Post-1857 Administration and Crown Rule (1858-1900)
- 12.Socio-Religious Reform Movements of 19th Century India
- 13.Early Nationalism and the Formation of the Indian National Congress (1858-1905)
- 14.Partition of Bengal and the Swadeshi Movement (1905-1911)
- 15.The Three Infrastructures of Nationalism: Press, Education and the Peasant Movements (1780-1947)
- 16.World War I, Ghadar, Home Rule and the Lucknow Pact (1914-1918)
- 17.Gandhi's Emergence: From the South African Laboratory to Jallianwala Bagh (1915-1920)
- 18.Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan (1920-1922)
- 19.The Years of Stagnation: Swarajists, the New Forces and the Revolutionaries (1922-1931)
- 20.The Gathering Storm: Simon Commission, the Nehru Report and Purna Swaraj (1927-1930)
- 21.Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences (1930-34)
- 22.The Constitution They Despised and the Office They Took: GoI Act 1935, Congress Ministries and the Rise of the Left (1935-1939)
- 23.The Inclined Plane: Communalism from Syed Ahmad Khan to the Two-Nation Theory (1880s-1947)
- 24.Wartime Politics: From the Crisis at Tripuri to the Cripps Mission (1939-1942)
- 25.The Two Frontiers: Princely India and the Indian Capitalists in the Freedom Struggle (1920s-1947)
- 26.Quit India Movement and the INA (1942-1945)
- 27.Post-War National Scenario and the Transfer of Power (1945–47)
- 28.Independence with Partition — the Freedom and the Fracture
- 29.Post-Independence Consolidation (1947-1964)
- Indian and World Geography — physical, social, economic aspects, India and World
- 1.Geomorphology — The Two Forces That Build the Land and Wear It Down
- 2.World Regional Physiography — Where the Earth's Relief Actually Is
- 3.Climatology — What the Air Does, and Why Water Is the Reason
- 4.World Climatic Regions — The Types, and Two Ways of Sorting Them
- 5.Oceanography — The Relief, the Salt, the Heat and the Currents of the Water Half of the Earth
- 6.Biogeography and the Natural Vegetation of the World — How an Ecosystem Works, and Why the Living Cover of the Earth Lies in Belts
+ 12 more chaptersShow fewer
- 7.India: Physiography — A Shield, a Rising Wall, a Filled Trough, and Two Kinds of Island
- 8.Drainage Systems of India — How the Rivers Are Arranged, and Why They Behave As They Do
- 9.India: Climate and the Monsoon — One Rhythm, and the Variety Inside It
- 10.Soils of India — Formation, the Profile, the Groups, and the Erosion That Takes Them
- 11.India's Natural Vegetation and Wildlife — The Forest Types, the Belts Up the Himalaya, and What Has Been Done to Them
- 12.Water Resources of India — Four Per Cent of the World's Water for Seventeen Per Cent of Its People
- 13.World Resources and Industry — Where the Minerals Lie and Where the Factories Went
- 14.Minerals and Energy Resources of India — What the Rock Decides, and How Old Every Number Here Is
- 15.Industries of India — Why a Factory Stands Where It Does, and Which of These Sentences Has Expired
- 16.Economic Geography and Human Activities — Why an Activity Is Where It Is
- 17.India's Agriculture — Where the Crops Are, in Which Season, and Why the Yields Divide
- 18.Transport, Communication and Trade in India — The Network That Carries the Economy, and the Date on Every Number
2
Paper II · General Studies, Essay and Comprehension (200 marks)
2 topics · 2 sections
Part-A · Essay (80 marks, English or Hindi)
- Essay (80 marks, English or Hindi) — modern Indian history especially freedom struggle, geography, polity and economy, security/human rights issues, analytical ability
- 1.Decline of the Mughal Empire
- 2.Rise of Regional States
- 3.Advent of Europeans in India — From Vasco da Gama to British Supremacy
- 4.British Conquest of Bengal
- 5.Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767-1799)
- 6.Anglo-Maratha Wars (1775-1818)
+ 100 more chaptersShow fewer
- 7.Subsidiary Alliance, Doctrine of Lapse & the Anglo-Sikh Wars
- 8.Drain of Wealth, Deindustrialisation, and Land Revenue Systems
- 9.Civil Rebellions and Tribal Uprisings Before 1857
- 10.The Revolt of 1857
- 11.Post-1857 Administration and Crown Rule (1858-1900)
- 12.Socio-Religious Reform Movements of 19th Century India
- 13.Early Nationalism and the Formation of the Indian National Congress (1858-1905)
- 14.Partition of Bengal and the Swadeshi Movement (1905-1911)
- 15.The Three Infrastructures of Nationalism: Press, Education and the Peasant Movements (1780-1947)
- 16.World War I, Ghadar, Home Rule and the Lucknow Pact (1914-1918)
- 17.Gandhi's Emergence: From the South African Laboratory to Jallianwala Bagh (1915-1920)
- 18.Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan (1920-1922)
- 19.The Years of Stagnation: Swarajists, the New Forces and the Revolutionaries (1922-1931)
- 20.The Gathering Storm: Simon Commission, the Nehru Report and Purna Swaraj (1927-1930)
- 21.Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences (1930-34)
- 22.The Constitution They Despised and the Office They Took: GoI Act 1935, Congress Ministries and the Rise of the Left (1935-1939)
- 23.The Inclined Plane: Communalism from Syed Ahmad Khan to the Two-Nation Theory (1880s-1947)
- 24.Wartime Politics: From the Crisis at Tripuri to the Cripps Mission (1939-1942)
- 25.The Two Frontiers: Princely India and the Indian Capitalists in the Freedom Struggle (1920s-1947)
- 26.Quit India Movement and the INA (1942-1945)
- 27.Post-War National Scenario and the Transfer of Power (1945–47)
- 28.Independence with Partition — the Freedom and the Fracture
- 29.Post-Independence Consolidation (1947-1964)
- 30.Making of the Constitution — The Constituent Assembly and the Birth of the Republic
- 31.Salient Features of the Constitution — The Design Choices That Define India's Founding Charter
- 32.The Preamble — Identity, Authority and the Conscience of the Constitution
- 33.Union and its Territory — The Indestructible Union and the Reorganisation of States
- 34.Citizenship — Membership, the Single-Citizenship Design and the Democratic Project
- 35.Fundamental Rights — The Magna Carta of India
- 36.Directive Principles of State Policy — The Conscience of the Constitution
- 37.Fundamental Duties — The Code the Constitution Forgot and the Courts Revived
- 38.Basic Structure Doctrine — The Unamendable Core of the Constitution
- 39.Amendment of the Constitution — The Power to Mend, Not to Destroy
- 40.Federal System — 'Union of States', the Quasi-Federal Debate, and Cooperative Federalism
- 41.Centre-State Relations — The Three-Dimensional Machinery of Divided Power
- 42.Inter-State Relations — The Horizontal Machinery of a Single Nation
- 43.Emergency Provisions — A Constitution That Can Suspend Itself
- 44.Panchayati Raj — From Article 40 to the 73rd Amendment and PESA
- 45.Municipalities — Urban Local Self-Government Under the 74th Amendment
- 46.Union Territories — A Deliberate Unitary Exception in a Federal Constitution
- 47.Parliamentary System — Responsible Government, Article 74 and the Logic of Collective Responsibility
- 48.Parliament — The Union Legislature and the Heart of Indian Democracy
- 49.State Legislature -- Organisation, Composition and Legislative Procedure of the Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad
- 50.The President — Head of the Indian State and Nominal Executive of the Union
- 51.The Vice-President — India's Second-Highest Office and the Guarantee of Continuity
- 52.The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers — India's Real Executive
- 53.The Governor — Nominal Head of the State Executive and the Centre's Constitutional Link
- 54.Chief Minister and State Council of Ministers — The Real Executive Behind the Governor
- 55.The Supreme Court of India — Composition, Independence and Jurisdiction
- 56.High Court and Subordinate Courts — The State Judiciary Beneath the Supreme Court
- 57.The Attorney-General of India — Chief Law Officer Held at the President's Pleasure
- 58.Advocate General of the State — The Governor's Law Officer, Not the State's
- 59.The Election Commission — Guardian of Free and Fair Elections Under Article 324
- 60.The Union Public Service Commission — Recruiting the Civil Services Under Articles 315-323
- 61.The State Public Service Commission — A Calibrated Mirror of the UPSC Under Articles 315-323
- 62.The Finance Commission — Article 280 and the Balancing Wheel of Fiscal Federalism
- 63.The Comptroller and Auditor-General — Guardian of the Public Purse Under Articles 148-151
- 64.The National Commission for Scheduled Castes — A Constitutional Template Extended Three Times
- 65.The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes — A Constitutional Safeguard Born of Bifurcation
- 66.The National Commission for Backward Classes — Completing a Constitutional Template
- 67.The Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities — the Half of Part XVII That Protects, Not Promotes
- 68.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Economic Planning, Resource Mobilization and Employment
- 69.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Growth and Development — Concepts, Measurement and Contemporary Debates
- 70.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Monetary Policy & Banking
- 71.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Inflation
- 72.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: External Sector
- 73.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Capital Markets
- 74.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Inclusive Growth
- 75.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Government Budgeting — Process, Instruments and Fiscal Policy
- 76.Geomorphology — The Two Forces That Build the Land and Wear It Down
- 77.World Regional Physiography — Where the Earth's Relief Actually Is
- 78.Climatology — What the Air Does, and Why Water Is the Reason
- 79.World Climatic Regions — The Types, and Two Ways of Sorting Them
- 80.Oceanography — The Relief, the Salt, the Heat and the Currents of the Water Half of the Earth
- 81.Biogeography and the Natural Vegetation of the World — How an Ecosystem Works, and Why the Living Cover of the Earth Lies in Belts
- 82.India: Physiography — A Shield, a Rising Wall, a Filled Trough, and Two Kinds of Island
- 83.Drainage Systems of India — How the Rivers Are Arranged, and Why They Behave As They Do
- 84.India: Climate and the Monsoon — One Rhythm, and the Variety Inside It
- 85.Soils of India — Formation, the Profile, the Groups, and the Erosion That Takes Them
- 86.India's Natural Vegetation and Wildlife — The Forest Types, the Belts Up the Himalaya, and What Has Been Done to Them
- 87.Water Resources of India — Four Per Cent of the World's Water for Seventeen Per Cent of Its People
- 88.World Resources and Industry — Where the Minerals Lie and Where the Factories Went
- 89.Minerals and Energy Resources of India — What the Rock Decides, and How Old Every Number Here Is
- 90.Industries of India — Why a Factory Stands Where It Does, and Which of These Sentences Has Expired
- 91.Economic Geography and Human Activities — Why an Activity Is Where It Is
- 92.India's Agriculture — Where the Crops Are, in Which Season, and Why the Yields Divide
- 93.Transport, Communication and Trade in India — The Network That Carries the Economy, and the Date on Every Number
- 94.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-Pakistan Relations
- 95.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-China Relations
- 96.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India's Immediate Neighbourhood — Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and the Maldives
- 97.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-Afghanistan Relations and Central Asia
- 98.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-United States Relations
- 99.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-Russia Relations
- 100.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India, the European Union, and Other Major Powers
- 101.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Regional Groupings — SAARC, BIMSTEC, ASEAN and SCO
- 102.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Global Groupings: G20, BRICS, QUAD, IBSA
- 103.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Indian Diaspora and Its Role in India's Foreign Policy
- 104.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: International Institutions: the UN, UNSC Reform, and Global Governance Bodies (WTO, IMF, World Bank, WHO)
- 105.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Governance, Transparency, and Accountability: E-Governance, RTI, and Citizens' Charters
- 106.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Role of Civil Services in a Democracy
Part-B · Comprehension, Precis and Language Skills (120 marks, English only)
- Comprehension, Precis Writing, Developing Counter-Arguments, Grammar and Language Testing (120 marks, English only)