UPSC Civil Services Examination

Paper I · General Studies (200 marks)

• Current events of national & international importance
  1. 1.International Institutions: the UN, UNSC Reform, and Global Governance Bodies (WTO, IMF, World Bank, WHO) — Prelims Facts
• History of India & the Indian National Movement
  1. 1.Sources (Ancient India) — Prelims Facts
  2. 2.Pre-history and Proto-history — Prelims Facts
  3. 3.Indus Valley Civilization — Prelims Facts
  4. 4.Megalithic Cultures — Prelims Facts
  5. 5.Aryans and Vedic Period — Prelims Facts
  6. 6.Period of the Mahajanapadas — Prelims Facts
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  1. 7.Mauryan Empire — Prelims Facts
  2. 8.Post-Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas) — Prelims Facts
  3. 9.Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India — Prelims Facts
  4. 10.Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas — Prelims Facts
  5. 11.Regional States during Gupta Era — Prelims Facts
  6. 12.Themes in Early Indian Cultural History — Prelims Facts
  7. 13.Early Medieval India, 750–1200 — Prelims Facts
  8. 14.Cultural Traditions in India, 750–1200 — Prelims Facts
  9. 15.The Thirteenth Century — Prelims Facts
  10. 16.The Fourteenth Century — Prelims Facts
  11. 17.Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries — Prelims Facts
  12. 18.The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Political Developments and Economy — Prelims Facts
  13. 19.The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Society and Culture — Prelims Facts
  14. 20.Akbar — Prelims Facts
  15. 21.Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century — Prelims Facts
  16. 22.Economy and Society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries — Prelims Facts
  17. 23.Culture during Mughal Empire — Prelims Facts
  18. 24.The Eighteenth Century — Prelims Facts
  19. 25.Early Nationalism and the Formation of the Indian National Congress (1858-1905) — Prelims Facts
  20. 26.Decline of the Mughal Empire — Prelims Facts
  21. 27.Post-Independence Consolidation (1947-1964) — Prelims Facts
• Indian & World Geography — Physical, Social & Economic Geography of India & the World
  1. 1.Biogeography and World Vegetation — Prelims Facts
  2. 2.Geomorphology — Prelims Facts
  3. 3.India's Natural Vegetation and Wildlife — Prelims Facts
  4. 4.World Resources and Industry — Prelims Facts
• Indian Polity & Governance — Constitution, Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues
  1. 1.Salient Features of Indian Society and Diversity of India — Prelims Facts
  2. 2.Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism and Secularism — Prelims Facts
  3. 3.Government Policies and Interventions for Development — Prelims Facts
  4. 4.Welfare Schemes for SC/ST/OBC/Minorities — Prelims Facts
  5. 5.Governance, Transparency, and Accountability: E-Governance, RTI, and Citizens’ Charters — Prelims Facts
  6. 6.The Election Commission — Prelims Facts
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  1. 7.Federal System — Prelims Facts
  2. 8.Making of the Constitution — Prelims Facts
  3. 9.Municipalities — Prelims Facts
  4. 10.Panchayati Raj — Prelims Facts
  5. 11.Parliament — Prelims Facts
  6. 12.Parliamentary System — Prelims Facts
  7. 13.The President — Prelims Facts
  8. 14.State Legislature -- Prelims Facts
  9. 15.Union Territories — Prelims Facts
• Economic & Social Development — Sustainable Development, Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector Initiatives
  1. 1.Salient Features of Indian Society and Diversity of India — Prelims Facts
  2. 2.Population and Associated Issues — Prelims Facts
  3. 3.Poverty and Developmental Issues — Prelims Facts
  4. 4.Effects of Globalization on Indian Society — Prelims Facts
  5. 5.Government Policies and Interventions for Development — Prelims Facts
  6. 6.Development Processes and the Development Industry: NGOs, SHGs, Civil Society — Prelims Facts
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  1. 7.Welfare Schemes for SC/ST/OBC/Minorities — Prelims Facts
  2. 8.Social Sector Development: Health and Education — Prelims Facts
  3. 9.Economic Planning, Resource Mobilization and Employment — Prelims Facts
  4. 10.Inclusive Growth — Prelims Facts
  5. 11.Government Budgeting — Process, Instruments and Fiscal Policy — Prelims Facts
  6. 12.Cropping Patterns and Irrigation Systems — Prelims Facts
  7. 13.Agricultural Marketing, Storage and the Farm Laws — Prelims Facts
  8. 14.Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices — Prelims Facts
  9. 15.Agricultural Technology Missions and the Economics of Animal Husbandry — Prelims Facts
  10. 16.Food Processing Industries and Supply-Chain Management — Prelims Facts
  11. 17.Land Reforms in India — Prelims Facts
  12. 18.Liberalization and Industrial Policy — Prelims Facts
  13. 19.Energy Infrastructure — Prelims Facts
  14. 20.Transport Infrastructure — Roads, Railways, Ports and Airports — Prelims Facts
  15. 21.Infrastructure Investment Models — Prelims Facts
• General Issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity & Climate Change
  1. 1.Biodiversity and Conservation — Prelims Facts
  2. 2.Disaster Management Framework and Institutions — Prelims Facts
• General Science
  1. 1.Science and Technology Policy, Achievements and Indigenization — Prelims Facts
  2. 2.Space Technology and Digital/IT Technologies — Prelims Facts
  3. 3.Nutrition and Crop Production
  4. 4.Cell Structure and Tissues
  5. 5.Respiration and Transport in Organisms
  6. 6.Control, Coordination and Heredity
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  1. 7.Reproduction in Plants and Animals
  2. 8.Microorganisms and Disease
  3. 9.Classification of Living Organisms
  4. 10.Ecology, Environment and Natural Resources
  5. 11.Matter, Mixtures and Atomic Structure
  6. 12.Acids, Bases, Salts and Chemical Reactions
  7. 13.Metals, Non-metals and Carbon Compounds
  8. 14.Fuels and Combustion
  9. 15.Motion, Force and Pressure
  10. 16.Work, Energy and Simple Machines
  11. 17.Heat
  12. 18.Natural Phenomena: Lightning and Earthquakes
  13. 19.Light and Optics
  14. 20.Sound
  15. 21.Electricity and Magnetism

Paper II · CSAT (Qualifying, min 33%, 200 marks)

• Comprehension
• Interpersonal Skills including Communication Skills
• Logical Reasoning & Analytical Ability
• Decision Making & Problem Solving
• General Mental Ability
• Basic Numeracy & orders of magnitude (Class X level)
• Data Interpretation — charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency (Class X level)

Essay (250 marks)

• Essays on topics of contemporary relevance — keeping closely to the subject, arranging ideas in orderly fashion, writing concisely

Optional Subject (Papers I & II, 250 marks each)

• One optional subject chosen from the prescribed list of 48 subjects — two papers of the chosen subject's syllabus

Qualifying Papers (not counted in merit, min 25%)

• Paper A — One Indian Language from the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution (300 marks)
• Paper B — English (300 marks)

Indian Culture

• Salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature & Architecture from ancient to modern times
  1. 1.15. GS-I (Compulsory Paper): Indian Culture — Art Forms, Literature and Architecture (Ancient India)
  2. 2.25. GS-I (Compulsory Paper): Indian Culture — Art Forms, Literature and Architecture (Medieval India)

Modern Indian History

• Significant events, personalities & issues from the middle of the eighteenth century until the present
  1. 1.Decline of the Mughal Empire
  2. 2.Rise of Regional States
  3. 3.Advent of Europeans in India — From Vasco da Gama to British Supremacy
  4. 4.British Conquest of Bengal
  5. 5.Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767-1799)
  6. 6.Anglo-Maratha Wars (1775-1818)
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  1. 7.Subsidiary Alliance, Doctrine of Lapse & the Anglo-Sikh Wars
  2. 8.Drain of Wealth, Deindustrialisation, and Land Revenue Systems
  3. 9.Civil Rebellions and Tribal Uprisings Before 1857
  4. 10.The Revolt of 1857
  5. 11.Post-1857 Administration and Crown Rule (1858-1900)
  6. 12.Socio-Religious Reform Movements of 19th Century India
• The Freedom Struggle — its various stages & important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country
  1. 1.Early Nationalism and the Formation of the Indian National Congress (1858-1905)
  2. 2.Partition of Bengal and the Swadeshi Movement (1905-1911)
  3. 3.The Three Infrastructures of Nationalism: Press, Education and the Peasant Movements (1780-1947)
  4. 4.World War I, Ghadar, Home Rule and the Lucknow Pact (1914-1918)
  5. 5.Gandhi's Emergence: From the South African Laboratory to Jallianwala Bagh (1915-1920)
  6. 6.Non-Cooperation Movement and Khilafat Aandolan (1920-1922)
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  1. 7.The Years of Stagnation: Swarajists, the New Forces and the Revolutionaries (1922-1931)
  2. 8.The Gathering Storm: Simon Commission, the Nehru Report and Purna Swaraj (1927-1930)
  3. 9.Civil Disobedience Movement and Round Table Conferences (1930-34)
  4. 10.The Constitution They Despised and the Office They Took: GoI Act 1935, Congress Ministries and the Rise of the Left (1935-1939)
  5. 11.The Inclined Plane: Communalism from Syed Ahmad Khan to the Two-Nation Theory (1880s-1947)
  6. 12.Wartime Politics: From the Crisis at Tripuri to the Cripps Mission (1939-1942)
  7. 13.The Two Frontiers: Princely India and the Indian Capitalists in the Freedom Struggle (1920s-1947)
  8. 14.Quit India Movement and the INA (1942-1945)
  9. 15.Post-War National Scenario and the Transfer of Power (1945–47)
  10. 16.Independence with Partition — the Freedom and the Fracture
• Post-independence Consolidation & Reorganization within the country
  1. 1.Post-Independence Consolidation (1947-1964)

World History

• Events from the 18th century — Industrial Revolution, World Wars, Redrawal of National Boundaries, Colonization & Decolonization
  1. 1.GS Paper I — History of the World: American Revolution and the Birth of the USA
  2. 2.GS Paper I — History of the World: French Revolution and Its Impact on Europe
  3. 3.GS Paper I — History of the World: Industrial Revolution — Origins, Spread, and Social Consequences
  4. 4.GS Paper I — History of the World: Unification of Italy
  5. 5.GS Paper I — History of the World: Unification of Germany
  6. 6.GS Paper I — History of the World: Imperialism and Colonialism in Asia and Africa
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  1. 7.GS Paper I — History of the World: World War I — Causes, Course, and Consequences
  2. 8.GS Paper I — History of the World: Russian Revolution (1917) and the Rise of Communism
  3. 9.GS Paper I — History of the World: Interwar Period — Rise of Fascism and Nazism
  4. 10.GS Paper I — History of the World: World War II — Causes, Course, and Consequences
  5. 11.GS Paper I — History of the World: Decolonization in Asia
  6. 12.GS Paper I — History of the World: Decolonization in Africa
  7. 13.GS Paper I — History of the World: Cold War — Formation of Power Blocs, Proxy Conflicts, Non-Aligned Movement
  8. 14.GS Paper I — History of the World: Disintegration of the Soviet Union and the Post-Cold-War World
  9. 15.GS Paper I — History of the World: Redrawal of National/Colonial Boundaries
• Political Philosophies — Communism, Capitalism, Socialism — their forms & effect on society
  1. 1.GS Paper I — History of the World: Political Philosophies — Capitalism, Socialism, Communism — Comparative Theory and Historical Practice

Indian Society

• Salient features of Indian Society & the Diversity of India
  1. 1.GS Paper I — Indian Society: Salient Features of Indian Society and the Diversity of India
• Role of Women & Women's Organizations
• Population & associated issues
  1. 1.GS Paper I — Indian Society: Population and Associated Issues
• Poverty & developmental issues
  1. 1.GS Paper I — Indian Society: Poverty and Developmental Issues
• Urbanization — their problems & remedies
• Effects of Globalization on Indian society
  1. 1.GS Paper I — Indian Society: Effects of Globalization on Indian Society
• Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism & Secularism
  1. 1.GS Paper I — Indian Society: Social Empowerment, Communalism, Regionalism and Secularism

World & Physical Geography

• Salient features of the world's Physical Geography
  1. 1.Geomorphology — The Two Forces That Build the Land and Wear It Down
  2. 2.World Regional Physiography — Where the Earth's Relief Actually Is
  3. 3.Climatology — What the Air Does, and Why Water Is the Reason
  4. 4.World Climatic Regions — The Types, and Two Ways of Sorting Them
  5. 5.Oceanography — The Relief, the Salt, the Heat and the Currents of the Water Half of the Earth
  6. 6.Biogeography and the Natural Vegetation of the World — How an Ecosystem Works, and Why the Living Cover of the Earth Lies in Belts
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  1. 7.India: Physiography — A Shield, a Rising Wall, a Filled Trough, and Two Kinds of Island
  2. 8.Drainage Systems of India — How the Rivers Are Arranged, and Why They Behave As They Do
  3. 9.India: Climate and the Monsoon — One Rhythm, and the Variety Inside It
  4. 10.Soils of India — Formation, the Profile, the Groups, and the Erosion That Takes Them
  5. 11.India's Natural Vegetation and Wildlife — The Forest Types, the Belts Up the Himalaya, and What Has Been Done to Them
  6. 12.Water Resources of India — Four Per Cent of the World's Water for Seventeen Per Cent of Its People
• Distribution of key Natural Resources across the world (incl. South Asia & the Indian subcontinent); location factors for primary, secondary & tertiary sector industries
  1. 1.World Resources and Industry — Where the Minerals Lie and Where the Factories Went
  2. 2.Minerals and Energy Resources of India — What the Rock Decides, and How Old Every Number Here Is
  3. 3.Industries of India — Why a Factory Stands Where It Does, and Which of These Sentences Has Expired
  4. 4.Economic Geography and Human Activities — Why an Activity Is Where It Is
  5. 5.India's Agriculture — Where the Crops Are, in Which Season, and Why the Yields Divide
  6. 6.Transport, Communication and Trade in India — The Network That Carries the Economy, and the Date on Every Number

Geophysical Phenomena & Changes

• Important Geophysical Phenomena — Earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic Activity, Cyclones
  1. 1.Geomorphology — The Two Forces That Build the Land and Wear It Down
• Changes in critical geographical features (incl. water-bodies & ice-caps) & in flora & fauna, & the effects of such changes
  1. 1.Biogeography and the Natural Vegetation of the World — How an Ecosystem Works, and Why the Living Cover of the Earth Lies in Belts
  2. 2.India's Natural Vegetation and Wildlife — The Forest Types, the Belts Up the Himalaya, and What Has Been Done to Them

Indian Constitution

• Historical Underpinnings, Evolution, Features, Amendments, Significant Provisions & Basic Structure
  1. 1.Making of the Constitution — The Constituent Assembly and the Birth of the Republic
  2. 2.Salient Features of the Constitution — The Design Choices That Define India's Founding Charter
  3. 3.The Preamble — Identity, Authority and the Conscience of the Constitution
  4. 4.Union and its Territory — The Indestructible Union and the Reorganisation of States
  5. 5.Citizenship — Membership, the Single-Citizenship Design and the Democratic Project
  6. 6.Fundamental Rights — The Magna Carta of India
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  1. 7.Directive Principles of State Policy — The Conscience of the Constitution
  2. 8.Fundamental Duties — The Code the Constitution Forgot and the Courts Revived
  3. 9.Basic Structure Doctrine — The Unamendable Core of the Constitution
  4. 10.Amendment of the Constitution — The Power to Mend, Not to Destroy

Federal Structure

• Functions & Responsibilities of the Union & the States; issues & challenges of the federal structure; devolution of powers & finances to local levels & challenges therein
  1. 1.Federal System — 'Union of States', the Quasi-Federal Debate, and Cooperative Federalism
  2. 2.Centre-State Relations — The Three-Dimensional Machinery of Divided Power
  3. 3.Inter-State Relations — The Horizontal Machinery of a Single Nation
  4. 4.Emergency Provisions — A Constitution That Can Suspend Itself
  5. 5.Panchayati Raj — From Article 40 to the 73rd Amendment and PESA
  6. 6.Municipalities — Urban Local Self-Government Under the 74th Amendment
  7. 7.Union Territories — A Deliberate Unitary Exception in a Federal Constitution

Separation of Powers

• Separation of powers between various organs; dispute redressal mechanisms & institutions; comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries
  1. 1.Parliamentary System — Responsible Government, Article 74 and the Logic of Collective Responsibility

Parliament & State Legislatures

• Structure, Functioning, Conduct of Business, Powers & Privileges & the issues arising out of these
  1. 1.Parliament — The Union Legislature and the Heart of Indian Democracy
  2. 2.State Legislature -- Organisation, Composition and Legislative Procedure of the Vidhan Sabha and Vidhan Parishad

Executive & Judiciary

• Structure, Organization & Functioning of the Executive & the Judiciary; Ministries & Departments of the Government; Pressure Groups & formal/informal associations & their role in the polity
  1. 1.The President — Head of the Indian State and Nominal Executive of the Union
  2. 2.The Vice-President — India's Second-Highest Office and the Guarantee of Continuity
  3. 3.The Prime Minister and Council of Ministers — India's Real Executive
  4. 4.The Governor — Nominal Head of the State Executive and the Centre's Constitutional Link
  5. 5.Chief Minister and State Council of Ministers — The Real Executive Behind the Governor
  6. 6.The Supreme Court of India — Composition, Independence and Jurisdiction
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  1. 7.High Court and Subordinate Courts — The State Judiciary Beneath the Supreme Court
  2. 8.The Attorney-General of India — Chief Law Officer Held at the President's Pleasure
  3. 9.Advocate General of the State — The Governor's Law Officer, Not the State's

Representation of the People

• Salient features of the Representation of People's Act

Constitutional & Statutory Bodies

• Appointment to various Constitutional Posts — powers, functions & responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies
  1. 1.The Election Commission — Guardian of Free and Fair Elections Under Article 324
  2. 2.The Union Public Service Commission — Recruiting the Civil Services Under Articles 315-323
  3. 3.The State Public Service Commission — A Calibrated Mirror of the UPSC Under Articles 315-323
  4. 4.The Finance Commission — Article 280 and the Balancing Wheel of Fiscal Federalism
  5. 5.The Comptroller and Auditor-General — Guardian of the Public Purse Under Articles 148-151
  6. 6.The National Commission for Scheduled Castes — A Constitutional Template Extended Three Times
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  1. 7.The National Commission for Scheduled Tribes — A Constitutional Safeguard Born of Bifurcation
  2. 8.The National Commission for Backward Classes — Completing a Constitutional Template
  3. 9.The Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities — the Half of Part XVII That Protects, Not Promotes
• Statutory, Regulatory & various Quasi-judicial Bodies

Governance, Welfare & Social Sector

• Government policies & interventions for development in various sectors & issues arising out of their design & implementation
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Government Policies and Interventions for Development — A Sectoral Overview
• Development processes & the development industry — role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups & associations, donors, charities, institutional & other stakeholders
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Development Processes and the Development Industry: NGOs, SHGs, Civil Society
• Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections by the Centre & States & their performance; mechanisms, laws, institutions & bodies for the protection & betterment of these sections
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections: SC/ST/OBC/Minorities
  2. 2.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Welfare Schemes for Vulnerable Sections: Women, Children, Elderly, Persons with Disabilities
• Issues relating to development & management of Social Sector/Services — Health, Education, Human Resources; issues relating to Poverty & Hunger
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Social Sector Development: Health and Education
  2. 2.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Poverty, Hunger, and Human Resource Development
• Governance, Transparency & Accountability; E-governance — applications, models, successes, limitations & potential; Citizens' Charters; Role of Civil Services in a democracy
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Governance, Transparency, and Accountability: E-Governance, RTI, and Citizens' Charters
  2. 2.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Role of Civil Services in a Democracy

International Relations

• India & its Neighbourhood relations
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-Pakistan Relations
  2. 2.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-China Relations
  3. 3.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India's Immediate Neighbourhood — Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar and the Maldives
  4. 4.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-Afghanistan Relations and Central Asia
• Bilateral, Regional & Global Groupings & Agreements involving India and/or affecting India's interests
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-United States Relations
  2. 2.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India-Russia Relations
  3. 3.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: India, the European Union, and Other Major Powers
  4. 4.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Regional Groupings — SAARC, BIMSTEC, ASEAN and SCO
  5. 5.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Global Groupings: G20, BRICS, QUAD, IBSA
• Effect of policies & politics of developed & developing countries on India's interests; Indian Diaspora
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: Indian Diaspora and Its Role in India's Foreign Policy
• Important International Institutions, Agencies & Fora — their structure & mandate
  1. 1.GS Paper II — Governance & International Relations: International Institutions: the UN, UNSC Reform, and Global Governance Bodies (WTO, IMF, World Bank, WHO)

Indian Economy

• Issues relating to Planning, Mobilization of Resources, Growth, Development & Employment
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Economic Planning, Resource Mobilization and Employment
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Growth and Development — Concepts, Measurement and Contemporary Debates
  3. 3.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Monetary Policy & Banking
  4. 4.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Inflation
  5. 5.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: External Sector
  6. 6.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Capital Markets
• Inclusive Growth & issues arising from it
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Inclusive Growth
• Government Budgeting
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Government Budgeting — Process, Instruments and Fiscal Policy

Agriculture

• Major Crops & Cropping Patterns across the country; different types of Irrigation & Irrigation Systems
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Cropping Patterns and Irrigation Systems
• Storage, Transport & Marketing of agricultural produce & related issues/constraints; e-technology in the aid of farmers
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Agricultural Marketing, Storage and the Farm Laws
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: e-Technology and Digital Agriculture for Farmers
• Direct & Indirect Farm Subsidies & Minimum Support Prices; Public Distribution System — objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; Buffer Stocks & Food Security
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Farm Subsidies and Minimum Support Prices
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Public Distribution System, Buffer Stocks and Food Security
• Technology Missions; Economics of Animal-Rearing
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Agricultural Technology Missions and the Economics of Animal Husbandry

Food Processing

• Food Processing & related industries — scope & significance, location, upstream & downstream requirements, supply-chain management
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Food Processing Industries and Supply-Chain Management

Land Reforms

• Land Reforms in India
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Land Reforms in India

Liberalization & Industry

• Effects of Liberalization on the economy; changes in Industrial Policy & their effects on industrial growth
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Liberalization and Industrial Policy

Infrastructure & Investment

• Infrastructure — Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Energy Infrastructure
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Transport Infrastructure — Roads, Railways, Ports and Airports
• Investment Models
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Infrastructure Investment Models — PPP, InvITs and the National Infrastructure Pipeline

Science & Technology

• Developments & their applications & effects in everyday life; achievements of Indians in Science & Technology; indigenization of technology & developing new technology
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Science and Technology Policy, Achievements and Indigenization
• Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, Robotics, Nano-technology, Bio-technology & issues relating to Intellectual Property Rights
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Space Technology and Digital/IT Technologies
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Biotechnology, Nanotechnology and Emerging Technologies
  3. 3.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Intellectual Property Rights

Environment

• Conservation, Environmental Pollution & Degradation, Environmental Impact Assessment
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Biodiversity and Conservation
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Environmental Pollution, Degradation and Impact Assessment
  3. 3.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Climate Change and International Environmental Governance

Disaster Management

• Disaster & Disaster Management
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Disaster Management Framework and Institutions
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Types of Disasters and Mitigation Strategies

Internal Security

• Linkages between Development & spread of Extremism; role of external state & non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Development and Extremism — Left-Wing Extremism/Naxalism
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: External State and Non-State Actors — Cross-Border Terrorism Linkages
• Challenges to internal security through communication networks; role of media & social networking sites; basics of Cyber Security; Money-Laundering & its prevention
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Cyber Security — Challenges and Institutional Framework
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Media, Social Networking and Radicalization
  3. 3.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Money Laundering and Financial Security
• Security challenges & their management in Border Areas; linkages of Organized Crime with Terrorism
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Border Area Security Management
  2. 2.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Organized Crime and Its Linkages with Terrorism
• Various Security Forces & Agencies & their mandate
  1. 1.GS Paper III — Economy, Tech & Security: Security Forces and Agencies — Mandate and Structure

Ethics & Human Interface

• Essence, Determinants & Consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of Ethics; ethics in private & public relationships
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Foundations of Ethics
• Human Values — lessons from the lives & teachings of great leaders, reformers & administrators; role of family, society & educational institutions in inculcating values
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Human Values

Attitude

• Attitude — content, structure, function; its influence & relation with thought & behaviour; moral & political attitudes; social influence & persuasion
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Attitude

Aptitude & Foundational Values for Civil Service

• Integrity, Impartiality & Non-partisanship, Objectivity, Dedication to Public Service, Empathy, Tolerance & Compassion towards the weaker sections
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Aptitude and Foundational Values for Civil Service

Emotional Intelligence

• Emotional Intelligence — concepts & their utilities & application in administration & governance
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Emotional Intelligence

Moral Thinkers & Philosophers

• Contributions of moral thinkers & philosophers from India & the world
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Moral Thinkers and Philosophers — Indian Traditions
  2. 2.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Moral Thinkers and Philosophers — Western Traditions

Public Service Values & Probity in Governance

• Public/Civil Service Values & Ethics in Public Administration — status & problems; ethical concerns & dilemmas in government & private institutions; laws, rules, regulations & conscience as sources of ethical guidance; accountability & ethical governance; ethical issues in international relations & funding; corporate governance
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Public Service Values and Ethics in Public Administration
• Probity in Governance — concept of public service; philosophical basis of governance & probity; information sharing & transparency in government; Right to Information; Codes of Ethics & Codes of Conduct; Citizens' Charters; Work Culture; Quality of Service Delivery; Utilization of Public Funds; Challenges of Corruption
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Probity in Governance

Case Studies

• Case Studies on the above issues
  1. 1.GS Paper IV — Ethics, Integrity & Aptitude: Case Studies — Applying the Ethical Toolkit

Paper I · Ancient India through Early Medieval (up to 1200 CE)

• Sources
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 1: Sources
• Pre-history and Proto-history
  1. 1.Pre-history and Proto-history
• Indus Valley Civilization
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 3: Indus Valley Civilization
• Megalithic Cultures
  1. 1.Megalithic Cultures
• Aryans and Vedic Period
  1. 1.Aryans and Vedic Period
• Period of Mahajanapadas
  1. 1.Period of the Mahajanapadas
• Mauryan Empire
  1. 1.Mauryan Empire
• Post-Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas)
  1. 1.Post-Mauryan Period (Indo-Greeks, Sakas, Kushanas, Western Kshatrapas)
• Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India
  1. 1.Early State and Society in Eastern India, Deccan and South India
• Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas
  1. 1.Guptas, Vakatakas and Vardhanas
• Regional States during Gupta Era
  1. 1.Regional States during Gupta Era
• Themes in Early Indian Cultural History
  1. 1.Themes in Early Indian Cultural History
• Early Medieval India, 750–1200
  1. 1.Early Medieval India, 750–1200
• Cultural Traditions in India, 750–1200
  1. 1.Cultural Traditions in India, 750-1200

Paper I · Medieval India (13th–18th Century)

• The Thirteenth Century
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 15: The Thirteenth Century
• The Fourteenth Century
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 16: The Fourteenth Century
• Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 17: Society, Culture and Economy in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries
• The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century — Political Developments and Economy
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 18: The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Political Developments and Economy
• The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century — Society and Culture
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 19: The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century - Society and Culture
• Akbar
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 20: Akbar
• Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 21: Mughal Empire in the Seventeenth Century
• Economy and Society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 22: Economy and Society, in the 16th and 17th Centuries
• Culture during Mughal Empire
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 23: Culture during Mughal Empire
• The Eighteenth Century
  1. 1.History Optional Paper I — Item 24: The Eighteenth Century

Paper I · Anthropology — Theory and Concepts

• Meaning and Scope of Anthropology; Human Evolution, Primates and Paleoanthropology
  1. 1.Human Evolution, Primates, Hominid Fossils and Prehistoric Archaeology
• Nature of Culture and Society; Marriage, Family and Kinship
  1. 1.Nature of Culture and Society; Marriage, Family and Kinship
• Economic Organization: Production, Distribution and Exchange
  1. 1.Economic Organization: Economic Anthropology, the Formalist-Substantivist Debate, and Modes of Exchange
• Political Organization and Social Control
  1. 1.Political Organization and Social Control
• Anthropological Approaches to Religion
  1. 1.Anthropological Approaches to Religion
• Anthropological Theories
  1. 1.Anthropological Theories
• Culture, Language and Communication
  1. 1.Culture, Language and Communication
• Research Methods in Anthropology
  1. 1.Research Methods in Anthropology
• Human Genetics: Methods and Application
  1. 1.Human Genetics: Methods and Application
• Concept of Human Growth and Development
  1. 1.Concept of Human Growth and Development
• Fertility, Bioevents, and Demographic Theories
  1. 1.Fertility, Bioevents, and Demographic Theories
• Applications of Anthropology
  1. 1.Applications of Anthropology

Paper II · Indian Anthropology

• Evolution of the Indian Culture and Civilization
  1. 1.Evolution of the Indian Culture and Civilization
• Demographic Profile of India: Ethnic and Linguistic Elements
  1. 1.Demographic Profile of India: Ethnic-Linguistic Elements and the Structure and Growth of Population
• Traditional Social System, Caste, and Sacred Complex
  1. 1.Traditional Social System, Caste, Sacred Complexes and Religious Impact in India
• Emergence, Growth and Development of Anthropology in India
  1. 1.Emergence, Growth and Development of Anthropology in India
• Indian Village, Minorities, and Processes of Social Change
  1. 1.Indian Village, Minorities, and Processes of Social Change
• Tribal Situation in India: Distribution, Characteristics and Problems
  1. 1.Tribal Situation in India: Distribution, Characteristics, and the Problems of Tribal Communities
• Tribal Displacement, and Rights and Safeguards for SC/ST/OBC
  1. 1.Development, Displacement and the Rights of Scheduled Tribes and Scheduled Castes
• Religion, Tribal Societies, and the Tribe-Nation-State
  1. 1.Religion, Tribal Societies, and the Tribe–Nation-State Relationship
• Tribal Administration, PTGs, NGOs, and Anthropology
  1. 1.Tribal Administration, PTGs, NGOs, and Anthropology's Role in Development and Ethnic Understanding

Paper I · Advanced Economic Theory

• Advanced Micro Economics
  1. 1.Advanced Micro Economics
• Advanced Macro Economics: Approaches to Employment, Income and Interest Rate Determination
  1. 1.Advanced Macro Economics: Approaches to Employment, Income and Interest Rate Determination
• Money, Banking and Public Finance
  1. 1.Money, Banking and Public Finance
• International Economics
  1. 1.International Economics
• Growth and Development
  1. 1.Growth and Development

Paper II · Indian Economy

• Indian Economy in the Pre-Independence Era
  1. 1.Indian Economy in the Pre-Independence Era
• Pre-Liberalization Economic Thought and the Agrarian Economy
  1. 1.Pre-Liberalization Economic Thought and the Agrarian Transformation
• Industry, National Income and Poverty in the Pre-Liberalization Era
  1. 1.Industry, National Income and Poverty in the Pre-Liberalization Economy
• The Post-Liberalization Era: Agriculture, WTO and Trade
  1. 1.The Post-Liberalization Era: Agriculture, WTO and Trade Policy Reform
• New Economic Policy: Industry and the Exchange Rate
  1. 1.New Economic Policy: Industry and the Exchange Rate Regime
• Fiscal Rules, Monetary Reform and the Retreat of Central Planning
  1. 1.Fiscal Rules, Monetary Reform and the Retreat of Central Planning after 1991
• New Economic Policy and Employment
  1. 1.New Economic Policy and Employment

Paper I · Principles of Geography

• Geomorphology
  1. 1.Geomorphology
• Climatology
  1. 1.Climatology
• Oceanography
  1. 1.Oceanography
• Biogeography
  1. 1.Biogeography
• Environmental Geography
  1. 1.Paper I, Unit 5 — Environmental Geography
• Perspectives in Human Geography
  1. 1.Paper I, Unit 6 — Perspectives in Human Geography
• Economic Geography
  1. 1.Paper I, Unit 7 — Economic Geography
• Population and Settlement Geography
  1. 1.Population and Settlement Geography
• Regional Planning
  1. 1.Regional Planning
• Models, Theories and Laws in Human Geography
  1. 1.Paper I, Unit 10 — Models, Theories and Laws in Human Geography

Paper II · Geography of India

• Physical Setting
  1. 1.Paper II — Geography of India
• Resources
  1. 1.Resources
• Agriculture
  1. 1.Agriculture — Geography of India (Paper II)
• Industry
  1. 1.Paper II · Geography of India — Module 4: Industry
• Transport, Communication and Trade
  1. 1.Transport, Communication and Trade — Geography of India (Paper II)
• Cultural Setting
  1. 1.Cultural Setting
• Settlements
  1. 1.Settlements
• Regional Development and Planning
  1. 1.Regional Development and Planning
• Political Aspects
  1. 1.Paper II, Unit 9 — Political Aspects
• Contemporary Issues
  1. 1.Paper II, Unit 10 — Contemporary Issues

Paper I · Constitutional and Administrative Law

• Constitution and Constitutionalism; Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles and Fundamental Duties
  1. 1.Constitution and Constitutionalism; Fundamental Rights; Directive Principles of State Policy
• Constitutional Position of the President and Governor; Council of Ministers
  1. 1.Constitutional Position of the President and Relation with the Council of Ministers; Governor and His Powers
• The Supreme Court and High Courts; Centre, State and Local relations
  1. 1.The Supreme Court and High Courts; Centre, States and Local Bodies
• Legislative Powers, Privileges and Immunities; Public Services
  1. 1.Legislative Powers, Privileges and Immunities; Services Under the Union and the States
• Emergency Provisions; Amendment of the Constitution; Basic Structure
  1. 1.Emergency Provisions; Amendment of the Constitution; Principle of Natural Justice
• Delegated Legislation, Separation of Powers, Judicial Review and Ombudsman (Lokpal/Lokayukta)
  1. 1.Delegated Legislation, Separation of Powers, Judicial Review of Administrative Action, and the Ombudsman

Paper I · International Law

• International Law: Nature, Relationship with Municipal Law, State Recognition and Succession; Law of the Sea
  1. 1.International Law: Nature, Municipal Law, State Recognition/Succession, and the Law of the Sea
• Individuals — Nationality and Human Rights; State Jurisdiction, Extradition and Asylum; Treaties
  1. 1.Individuals as Subjects of International Law; Jurisdiction; Extradition and Asylum; Treaties
• The United Nations — Organs, Powers, Reform; Peaceful Settlement of Disputes; Use of Force; International Humanitarian Law
  1. 1.The United Nations — Organs, Powers, Reform; Peaceful Settlement of Disputes; Lawful Recourse to Force; International Humanitarian Law
• Nuclear Weapons and Non-Proliferation; International Terrorism; New International Economic Order; Protection of Human Environment
  1. 1.Nuclear Weapons, International Terrorism and the ICC, the New International Economic Order, and the Human Environment

Paper II · Law of Crimes

• General Principles of Criminal Liability: Mens Rea, Actus Reus, Punishment, Attempt and General Exceptions
  1. 1.General Principles of Criminal Liability: Mens Rea, Punishment, Attempt, and General Exceptions
• Joint and Constructive Liability, Abetment and Criminal Conspiracy
  1. 1.Joint and Constructive Liability, Abetment, and Criminal Conspiracy
• Offences Against the State, Public Tranquility, Human Body, Property, Women, and Criminal Defamation
  1. 1.Offences Against the State, Public Tranquility, Human Body, Property, Women, and Defamation
• Prevention of Corruption Act 1988; Protection of Civil Rights Act; Plea Bargaining
  1. 1.Prevention of Corruption Act 1988; Protection of Civil Rights Act 1955 and Subsequent Legislative Developments; Plea Bargaining

Paper II · Law of Torts

• Nature of Tort, Fault-Based and Strict/Absolute Liability, Vicarious Liability, General Defences
  1. 1.Nature of Tort, Fault and Strict/Absolute Liability, Vicarious Liability, General Defences
• Joint Tortfeasors, Remedies, Negligence, Defamation and Nuisance
  1. 1.Joint Tortfeasors, Remedies, Negligence, Defamation and Nuisance
• Conspiracy, False Imprisonment, Malicious Prosecution and the Consumer Protection Act
  1. 1.Conspiracy, False Imprisonment, Malicious Prosecution and the Consumer Protection Act

Paper II · Law of Contracts and Mercantile Law

• Paper II — Law of Contracts and Mercantile Law: Formation, Vitiating Factors and Performance
  1. 1.Paper II — Law of Contracts and Mercantile Law: Nature and Formation of Contract / E-Contract; Factors Vitiating Free Consent; Void, Voidable, Illegal and Unenforceable Agreements; Performance and Discharge of Contracts
• Quasi-Contracts; Consequences of Breach of Contract; Indemnity, Guarantee and Agency
  1. 1.Quasi-Contracts; Consequences of Breach of Contract; Contract of Indemnity, Guarantee and Insurance; Contract of Agency
• Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase; Partnership; the Negotiable Instruments Act and Arbitration
  1. 1.Sale of Goods and Hire Purchase; Partnership; the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881; the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996; Standard Form Contracts

Paper II · Contemporary Legal Developments

• Paper II — Contemporary Legal Developments (I): Public Interest Litigation, Intellectual Property Rights, Cyber Law, Competition Law
  1. 1.Paper II — Contemporary Legal Developments (I): Public Interest Litigation, Intellectual Property Rights, Information Technology Law, Competition Law
• Contemporary Legal Developments (II): Alternate Dispute Resolution, Environmental Law, Right to Information, Trial by Media
  1. 1.Contemporary Legal Developments — ADR, Environmental Law Statutes, RTI Act, Trial by Media

Paper I · Western Philosophy

• Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality
  1. 1.Plato and Aristotle: Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and Potentiality
• Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz): Substance; Modes; Attributes; Innate Ideas
  1. 1.Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz)
• Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume): Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self and God
  1. 1.Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume)
• Kant: Categories; A Priori Synthetic Judgments; Space and Time; Ideas of Pure Reason; Antinomies
  1. 1.Kant
• Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism
  1. 1.Hegel: Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism
• Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein: Defence of Common Sense; Logical Atomism; Picture Theory of Meaning
  1. 1.Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein
• Logical Positivism: Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics
  1. 1.Logical Positivism
• Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-Games
  1. 1.Later Wittgenstein: Meaning and Use; Language-Games; Critique of Private Language
• Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism
  1. 1.Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism
• Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre, Heidegger): Existence and Essence; Authentic Existence
  1. 1.Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sartre [printed in the syllabus as "Sarte"], Heidegger)
• Quine and Strawson: Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons
  1. 1.Quine and Strawson

Paper I · Indian Philosophy

• Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities
  1. 1.Carvaka: Theory of Knowledge; Rejection of Transcendent Entities
• Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and Liberation
  1. 1.Jainism: Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and Liberation
• Schools of Buddhism: Pratityasamutpada; Ksanikavada; Nairatmyavada
  1. 1.Schools of Buddhism: Pratītyasamutpāda, Kṣaṇikavāda, Nairātmyavāda
• Nyaya-Vaisesika: Theory of Categories; Theory of Pramana; Self, Liberation, God
  1. 1.Nyaya-Vaisesika
• Samkhya: Prakrti; Purusa; Causation; Liberation
  1. 1.Samkhya
• Yoga: Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya
  1. 1.Yoga: Citta, Cittavṛtti, Kleśas, Samādhi, Kaivalya
• Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge
  1. 1.Mimamsa: Theory of Knowledge
• Schools of Vedanta: Brahman, Isvara, Atman, Jiva, Jagat, Maya, Avidya
  1. 1.Schools of Vedanta: Brahman, Isvara, Atman, Jiva, Jagat, Maya, Avidya, Adhyasa, Moksa, Aprthaksiddhi, Pancavidhabheda
• Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga
  1. 1.Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga

Paper II · Socio-Political Philosophy

• Social and Political Ideals: Equality, Justice, Liberty
  1. 1.Social and Political Ideals — Equality, Justice, Liberty
• Sovereignty: Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya
  1. 1.Sovereignty — Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya
• Individual and State: Rights, Duties and Accountability
  1. 1.Part A — Rights: What the Individual Is Entitled to Hold Against the State
• Forms of Government: Monarchy, Theocracy, Democracy
  1. 1.Forms of Government — Monarchy, Theocracy, Democracy
• Political Ideologies: Anarchism, Marxism and Socialism
  1. 1.Political Ideologies — Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism
• Humanism; Secularism; Multiculturalism
  1. 1.Humanism, Secularism and Multiculturalism
• Crime and Punishment: Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment
  1. 1.Crime and Punishment — Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment
• Development and Social Progress
  1. 1.Development and Social Progress
• Gender Discrimination: Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowerment
  1. 1.Gender Discrimination — Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights, Empowerment
• Caste Discrimination: Gandhi and Ambedkar
  1. 1.Caste Discrimination — Gandhi and Ambedkar

Paper II · Philosophy of Religion

• Notions of God: Attributes; Relation to Man and the World
  1. 1.Notions of God — Attributes, Relation to Man and the World (Indian and Western)
• Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique
  1. 1.Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western)
• The Problem of Evil
  1. 1.Problem of Evil
• Soul: Immortality, Rebirth and Liberation
  1. 1.Soul — Immortality, Rebirth and Liberation
• Reason, Revelation and Faith
  1. 1.Reason, Revelation and Faith
• Religious Experience: Nature and Object (Indian and Western Views)
  1. 1.Religious Experience — Nature and Object (Indian and Western)
• Religion without God
  1. 1.Religion without God
• Religion and Morality
  1. 1.Religion and Morality
• Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
  1. 1.Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth
• Nature of Religious Language: Analogical and Symbolic
  1. 1.Nature of Religious Language — Analogical and Symbolic, Cognitivist and Non-cognitive

Paper I, Section A · Political Theory

• Political Theory: Meaning and Approaches
  1. 1.Political Theory — Meaning and the Contest of Approaches
• Theories of State: Liberal, Neo-liberal, Marxist, Pluralist, Post-colonial and Feminist
  1. 1.Six Theories of the Modern State — Liberal to Feminist
• Justice: Rawls's Theory and the Communitarian Critique
  1. 1.Justice: Rawls's Theory and the Communitarian Challenge
• Equality: Social, Political and Economic Dimensions
  1. 1.Equality: Social, Political and Economic Dimensions, its Relationship with Freedom, and Affirmative Action
• Rights: Meaning, Theories and Human Rights
  1. 1.Rights — Meaning, Theories, Kinds, and the Concept of Human Rights
• Democracy: Classical and Contemporary Theories
  1. 1.Democracy: Classical and Contemporary Theories, and the Representative, Participatory and Deliberative Models
• Concept of Power: Hegemony, Ideology and Legitimacy
  1. 1.Power, Hegemony, Ideology and Legitimacy in Political Theory
• Political Ideologies: Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism
  1. 1.Political Ideologies — Liberalism, Socialism, Marxism, Fascism, Gandhism and Feminism
• Indian Political Thought
  1. 1.Indian Political Thought — From Dharmashastra to Radical Humanism
• Western Political Thought
  1. 1.Western Political Thought: From the Polis to the Public Realm — Plato to Arendt

Paper I, Section B · Indian Government and Politics

• Indian Nationalism
  1. 1.Indian Nationalism — Strategies and Historiographical Perspectives
• Making of the Indian Constitution
  1. 1.Making of the Indian Constitution: Colonial Legacies and Contested Perspectives
• Salient Features of the Indian Constitution
  1. 1.Salient Features of the Indian Constitution — Preamble, Rights, Parliamentary Government and the Basic Structure
• Principal Organs of the Union and State Governments
  1. 1.Union and State Organs: Envisaged Role and Actual Working
• Grassroots Democracy
  1. 1.Grassroots Democracy: Panchayati Raj, Municipal Government and the Politics of Decentralisation
• Statutory Institutions and Commissions
  1. 1.India's Fourth Branch: The Constitutional and Statutory Watchdog Commissions
• Federalism
  1. 1.Federalism: Constitutional Design, Centre-State Change, and the Politics of Regional Aspiration
• Planning and Economic Development
  1. 1.Planning, Development and Economic Reform in Indian Politics
• Caste, Religion and Ethnicity in Indian Politics
  1. 1.Identity and Democracy: Caste, Religion and Ethnicity in Indian Politics
• Party System
  1. 1.Party System in India: Parties, Coalitions, Pressure Groups and Electoral Change
• Social Movements
  1. 1.Rights, Gender and Ecology: Social Movements in Indian Politics

Paper II, Section A · Comparative Political Analysis and International Politics

• Comparative Politics: Nature and Major Approaches
  1. 1.Comparative Politics: Nature, Approaches, and the Limits of Comparison
• The State in Comparative Perspective
  1. 1.The State in Comparative Perspective: Capitalist, Socialist, Advanced-Industrial and Developing Formations
• Politics of Representation and Participation
  1. 1.Political Parties, Pressure Groups and Social Movements Compared
• Globalisation: Responses from Developed and Developing Societies
  1. 1.Globalisation: Comparative Responses of Developed and Developing Societies
• Approaches to the Study of International Relations
  1. 1.Approaches to the Study of International Relations — Idealism, Realism, Marxism, Functionalism, Systems Theory
• Key Concepts in International Relations
  1. 1.Key Concepts in International Relations — National Interest, Power, Balance of Power, Deterrence, Transnational Actors, Collective Security and the World Capitalist Economy
• Changing International Political Order
  1. 1.Bipolarity to Unipolarity: The Cold War, Non-Alignment, and the Post-Soviet Order
• Evolution of the International Economic System
  1. 1.The International Economic System: Bretton Woods, CMEA, the NIEO Demand, and Globalisation
• United Nations
  1. 1.The United Nations: Envisaged Role, Actual Record, and the Politics of Reform
• Regionalisation of World Politics
  1. 1.Regionalisation of World Politics: EU, ASEAN, APEC, SAARC, NAFTA
• Contemporary Global Concerns
  1. 1.Contemporary Global Concerns — Democracy, Human Rights, Environment, Gender Justice, Terrorism, Nuclear Proliferation

Paper II, Section B · India and the World

• Indian Foreign Policy: Determinants and Institutions
  1. 1.Indian Foreign Policy — Determinants, Institutions of Policy-Making, and the Politics of Continuity and Change
• India's Contribution to the Non-Aligned Movement
  1. 1.India's Contribution to the Non-Aligned Movement — Phases and Current Role
• India and South Asia
  1. 1.India and South Asia: SAARC, SAFTA, Look East and the Politics of Regional Non-Cooperation
• India and the Global South
  1. 1.India and the Global South: Africa, Latin America, and the Struggle for a New Economic Order
• India and the Global Centres of Power
  1. 1.India and the Global Centres of Power — USA, EU, Japan, China and Russia
• India and the UN System
  1. 1.India and the UN System — Peacekeeping and the Permanent-Seat Demand
• India and the Nuclear Question
  1. 1.India and the Nuclear Question — From Ambiguity to Overt Deterrent
• Recent Developments in Indian Foreign Policy
  1. 1.Recent Developments in Indian Foreign Policy — Afghanistan, Iraq, West Asia, the United States, Israel and the Vision of a New World Order

Paper I · Administrative Theory

• Introduction
  1. 1.Introduction to Public Administration
• Administrative Thought
  1. 1.Administrative Thought: Scientific Management to Participative Management
• Administrative Behaviour
  1. 1.Administrative Behaviour: Decision-Making, Communication, Morale, Motivation and Leadership
• Organisations
  1. 1.Organisations: Theory, Structure and the Regulatory-PPP State
• Accountability and Control
  1. 1.Accountability and Control
• Administrative Law
  1. 1.Administrative Law: Meaning, Scope and Significance; Dicey on Administrative Law; Delegated Legislation; Administrative Tribunals
• Comparative Public Administration
  1. 1.Comparative Public Administration: Institutional History, Riggs, and the Limits of the Available Record
• Development Dynamics
  1. 1.Development Dynamics
• Personnel Administration
  1. 1.Personnel Administration
• Public Policy
  1. 1.Public Policy: Models of Policy-Making, the Policy Process, and State Theories
• Techniques of Administrative Improvement
  1. 1.Techniques of Administrative Improvement
• Financial Administration
  1. 1.Financial Administration: Monetary and Fiscal Policy, Public Debt, Budgets, and Accountability

Paper II · Indian Administration

• Evolution of Indian Administration
  1. 1.Evolution of Indian Administration
• Philosophical and Constitutional Framework of Government
  1. 1.Philosophical and Constitutional Framework of Government — Salient Features, Constitutionalism, Political Culture, and the Bureaucracy's Place in a Democracy
• Public Sector Undertakings
  1. 1.Public Sector Undertakings
• Union Government and Administration
  1. 1.Union Government and Administration: Executive, Parliament, Judiciary
• Plans and Priorities
  1. 1.Plans and Priorities: Machinery of Planning, the Planning Commission and NDC, Indicative Planning, and Decentralized Planning
• State Government and Administration
  1. 1.State Government and Administration: Union-State Relations, Finance Commission, Governor, Chief Minister, Council of Ministers, Chief Secretary, State Secretariat, Directorates
• District Administration since Independence
  1. 1.District Administration since Independence
• Civil Services
  1. 1.Civil Services: Constitutional Position, Structure, Conduct, Neutrality and Activism
• Financial Management
  1. 1.Financial Management: Budget, Parliamentary Control, the Finance Ministry, Accounting and Audit
• Administrative Reforms since Independence
  1. 1.Administrative Reforms since Independence
• Rural Development
  1. 1.Rural Development: Institutions, Programmes, Decentralization and the 73rd Amendment
• Urban Local Government
  1. 1.Urban Local Government: Municipal Governance, the 74th Amendment, and the Limits of Constitutional Design
• Law and Order Administration
  1. 1.Law and Order Administration: British Legacy, Police Reform, and the Central-State Security Architecture
• Significant Issues in Indian Administration
  1. 1.Significant Issues in Indian Administration

Paper I · Fundamentals of Sociology

• Sociology - The Discipline
  1. 1.Sociology – The Discipline
• Sociology as Science
  1. 1.Sociology as Science
• Research Methods and Analysis
  1. 1.Research Methods and Analysis
• Sociological Thinkers: Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Parsons, Merton, Mead
  1. 1.Sociological Thinkers: Marx, Durkheim, Weber, Parsons, Merton, Mead
• Stratification and Mobility
  1. 1.Stratification and Mobility
• Work and Economic Life
  1. 1.Work and Economic Life
• Politics and Society
  1. 1.Politics and Society
• Religion and Society
  1. 1.Religion and Society
• Systems of Kinship
  1. 1.Systems of Kinship
• Social Change in Modern Society
  1. 1.Social Change in Modern Society

Paper II · Indian Society: Structure and Change

• Perspectives on the Study of Indian Society: Indology, Structural Functionalism, Marxist Sociology
  1. 1.Perspectives on the Study of Indian Society: Indology, Structural Functionalism, Marxist Sociology
• Impact of Colonial Rule on Indian Society
  1. 1.Impact of Colonial Rule on Indian Society
• Rural and Agrarian Social Structure: The Village, Land Tenure and Land Reforms
  1. 1.Rural and Agrarian Social Structure: The Village Idea and the Evolution of Land Tenure
• Caste System: Perspectives, Features, and Untouchability
  1. 1.Caste System: Perspectives, Features, and Untouchability
• Tribal Communities in India: Definitional Problems
  1. 1.Tribal Communities in India: Definitional Problems, Geographical Spread, Colonial Policies, and Issues of Integration and Autonomy
• Social Classes in India: Agrarian, Industrial and Middle Classes
  1. 1.Social Classes in India: Agrarian, Industrial and Middle Classes
• Systems of Kinship in India: Lineage, Descent, Family and Marriage
  1. 1.Systems of Kinship in India: Lineage, Descent, Family, Household and Patriarchy
• Religious Communities in India and the Problems of Religious Minorities
  1. 1.Religious Communities in India and the Problems of Religious Minorities
• Visions of Social Change in India: Planning, Law and Education
  1. 1.Visions of Social Change in India: Planning, Law and Education
• Rural Development, Cooperatives and Agrarian Transformation
  1. 1.Rural Development, Cooperatives and Agrarian Transformation in India
• Industrialization and Urbanisation in India
  1. 1.Industrialization and Urbanisation in India
• Politics and Society in India: Nation, Parties and Decentralization
  1. 1.Politics and Society in India: Nation, Parties, Regionalism and Secularization
• Social Movements in Modern India: Peasants, Women, Dalits, Environment
  1. 1.Social Movements in Modern India: Peasants, Women, Backward Classes and Dalits, Environment, Ethnicity and Identity
• Population Dynamics: Size, Composition, Growth and Family Planning
  1. 1.Population Dynamics: Size, Composition, Growth and Policy in India
• Challenges of Social Transformation
  1. 1.Challenges of Social Transformation